San Cristóbal de las Casas is a city located in the central highlands of the Mexican state of Chiapas. It is known for its rich cultural heritage, colonial architecture, and its role as a center for indigenous rights and Zapatista movement activities.
History
- Foundation: Originally founded in 1528 by Spanish conquistador Diego de Mazariegos as Villa Real de Chiapa, it was moved to its current location in 1531 and renamed San Cristóbal de las Casas in honor of Christopher Columbus.
- Colonial Era: The city thrived during the colonial period due to its strategic location along trade routes. It was an important ecclesiastical center, with the Cathedral of San Cristóbal being built between 1528 and 1815.
- Naming: In 1848, the city was renamed after Bartolomé de las Casas, a Dominican friar who was a defender of indigenous rights during the Spanish colonization.
Cultural Significance
- Indigenous Influence: The city is surrounded by numerous indigenous communities, primarily from the Tzotzil and Tzeltal Maya groups, making it a cultural crossroads.
- Zapatista Movement: Since 1994, San Cristóbal de las Casas has been a focal point for the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN), which fights for indigenous rights and against neo-liberalism.
- Festivals: The city hosts various festivals throughout the year, including the Feria de San Cristóbal, celebrating the city's patron saint, and indigenous cultural festivals.
Architecture and Landmarks
- Colonial Buildings: The city center features well-preserved colonial architecture, with cobbled streets and colorful buildings.
- Na Bolom: A museum and cultural center dedicated to the Lacandon Maya and other indigenous cultures, housed in a former hacienda.
- Santo Domingo Church: A notable example of baroque architecture, this church and its associated monastery are significant for their historical and artistic value.
Economy
- Tourism: Tourism is a major economic driver due to the city's historical and cultural attractions.
- Handicrafts: The sale of local crafts, including textiles, pottery, and jewelry, supports many of the indigenous communities.
Modern Day
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