Ngāpuhi
Ngāpuhi is the largest Māori iwi (tribe) in New Zealand, known for its significant historical, cultural, and political influence. Here are key aspects of Ngāpuhi:
History
- Origins: Ngāpuhi's origins can be traced back to the crew of the Mātaatua waka (canoe) which arrived in New Zealand around the 14th century. Over time, they spread throughout the Northland region.
- Leadership: The iwi was led by several notable chiefs, including Hongi Hika in the early 19th century, who played a pivotal role in the Musket Wars.
- European Contact: Ngāpuhi was one of the first tribes to have contact with Europeans. In 1814, Samuel Marsden established the first Christian mission at Rangihoua, which had profound impacts on the social structure and culture of the tribe.
- Treaty of Waitangi: Ngāpuhi chiefs were significant signatories to the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, which is considered the founding document of New Zealand as a nation.
Cultural and Social Structure
- Language and Culture: The Ngāpuhi dialect of Māori is unique, contributing to the rich tapestry of Māori language. They have maintained many traditional practices, despite European influence.
- Land and Resources: Historically, Ngāpuhi territory was vast, encompassing much of Northland. Their connection to the land remains central to their identity.
Modern Ngāpuhi
- Politics and Claims: Today, Ngāpuhi are involved in numerous land and treaty claims through the Waitangi Tribunal, seeking redress for historical grievances.
- Economic Development: Efforts are underway to foster economic independence, with initiatives in agriculture, tourism, and education.
- Leadership: The iwi is governed by the Te Rūnanga-ā-iwi-o-Ngāpuhi, which represents the collective interests of its people.
Notable Figures
- Hone Heke - Known for cutting down the British flagstaff at Kororāreka, symbolizing resistance against British control.
- Tāmati Wāka Nene - A chief who supported the British Crown and played a role in the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.
External Links
See Also