Île-Amsterdam, also known as Amsterdam Island, is a remote island in the southern Indian Ocean. Here are some detailed facts and historical context about the island:
- Location: It is part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, situated approximately 3,320 km southwest of Perth, Australia, and 3,000 km from Madagascar.
- Geography:
- The island is of volcanic origin, with Mount Rossi being its highest peak at 881 meters.
- It spans about 55 km² in area, with a rugged landscape characterized by cliffs, dense vegetation, and a central plain.
- Discovery and Naming:
- History:
- Flora and Fauna:
- The island's isolation has led to unique biodiversity, with several endemic species of plants and animals.
- It is home to species like the Amsterdam Albatross and Amsterdam Duck.
- Vegetation includes phylica shrubs, and there are significant areas of grasslands and peat bogs.
- Conservation:
- The island was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991 for its unique natural environment.
- Conservation efforts focus on protecting its endemic species and controlling introduced species like rats and cats.
- Human Presence:
- Currently, there are around 30 inhabitants, mainly scientific researchers and support staff for the meteorological station and other research activities.
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