Uzbeks
The Uzbeks are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, predominantly residing in Uzbekistan, where they form the majority of the population. Here are some key points about Uzbeks:
History
- The origins of the Uzbeks are linked with various Turkic peoples who migrated westward from Mongolia and Siberia in the 9th century.
- The name "Uzbek" is derived from Uzbek Khan, a leader of one of these groups. Over centuries, various Turkic tribes and clans, including the Chagatai, merged to form the modern Uzbek identity.
- By the 15th century, Uzbekistan became the core area of the Uzbek Khanate, which was established by Muhammad Shaybani, marking the beginning of the modern Uzbek state.
Culture and Society
- Uzbek language is the official language of Uzbekistan and belongs to the Turkic languages family. It uses the Latin script since 1993, although the Cyrillic alphabet was used during Soviet times.
- Uzbek culture is rich with Islamic art, traditional music, and dance. Notable cultural aspects include:
- Bukhara and Samarkand, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites, are centers of historical and cultural significance.
- Navoi and Alisher Navoi, a famous poet, are celebrated figures in Uzbek literature.
- The traditional dress, like the Chapan, and the use of Suzani embroidery in textiles.
Religion
- The vast majority of Uzbeks are Sunni Muslims, following the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence. Islam has been a significant cultural and social force in Uzbekistan for centuries.
Economy
- Uzbekistan has a mixed economy, with key sectors including agriculture (notably cotton), mining, manufacturing, and services.
- The country is the world's fifth-largest producer of cotton, although efforts are being made to diversify the economy.
Political Context
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