Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil (also known as 18 Rabbit or Ruler 13) was a prominent ruler of the Maya Civilization during the Classic Period, specifically known for his reign over the city-state of Copan in modern-day Honduras. His rule, which lasted from approximately 695 to 738 AD, is one of the most documented in Mayan history due to the extensive hieroglyphic inscriptions left behind.
Born into a noble family, Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil ascended to the throne of Copan at a time when the city was already an important center in the Maya world. His name translates to "Eighteen Images of the Headband," reflecting his divine status as a ruler linked to the gods through the sacred headband.
The end of Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil's reign was marked by conflict. According to inscriptions, he was captured and executed in 738 AD, likely by a coalition led by the ruler of Quirigua, K'ak' Tiliw Chan Yopaat, who was previously a vassal of Copan. This event marked a significant shift in power dynamics in the region, with Copan losing much of its previous glory.
The legacy of Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil is preserved through the artifacts and structures he commissioned. His reign is often studied for insights into Mayan political structures, artistic achievements, and the interconnected nature of Maya city-states. His death also serves as a case study on the instability and competition among Maya rulers.