Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne is one of the departments of the Île-de-France region in northern France. It is named after the two rivers, the Seine and the Marne, that flow through the department.
Geography
Seine-et-Marne covers an area of 5,915 km², making it one of the largest departments in France in terms of land area. The department is characterized by:
- A diverse landscape ranging from the urban areas around Paris to rural countryside.
- The Gâtinais natural region, known for its forests, fields, and traditional architecture.
- The Brie region, famous for its cheese production.
- Significant natural areas like the Forêt de Fontainebleau, which is a major attraction for climbers and nature enthusiasts.
History
The department was created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790, in accordance with the law of December 22, 1789, which divided France into departments. Here are some key historical points:
- Pre-Revolution: The area was part of various historical regions like the Counties of Champagne and Gâtinais.
- 19th Century: Industrialization led to urbanization, particularly in areas close to Paris, fostering growth in towns like Melun, the department's capital.
- 20th Century: Post-World War II, Seine-et-Marne saw significant urban expansion as Paris expanded, leading to the development of new towns (Ville nouvelle) like Marne-la-Vallée.
Economy
The economy of Seine-et-Marne is diverse:
- Agriculture: Agriculture remains significant with crops like wheat, barley, and sugar beets. The department is also known for its vineyards in areas like Sainte-Colombe.
- Industry: Industry includes chemical production, pharmaceuticals, and automotive parts, particularly in the north.
- Tourism: The department benefits from its proximity to Paris and attractions like Disneyland Paris, the Château de Vaux-le-Vicomte, and the Château de Fontainebleau.
Administration
Seine-et-Marne is divided into several arrondissements, cantons, and communes. The departmental council, located in Melun, manages local affairs.
Culture
- Architecture: Many historical buildings, including castles, churches, and chateaus, are preserved, reflecting the rich history of the region.
- Events: Various cultural events like the Fête de la Musique and local festivals celebrate the cultural heritage of Seine-et-Marne.
Notable Places
- Château de Fontainebleau - A historical palace known for its art and architecture.
- Provins - A medieval town recognized by UNESCO for its well-preserved fortifications and historical townscape.
- Disneyland Paris - The largest theme park in Europe, located in Marne-la-Vallée.
Sources
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