Rosso Fiorentino
Rosso Fiorentino, whose real name was Giovanni Battista di Jacopo, was an Italian painter born in 1494 in Florence, Italy. Known for his vivid use of color and dramatic compositions, Rosso was one of the leading figures of the Mannerism movement, which followed the High Renaissance.
Early Life and Training
Rosso was born into a family of artists. His father was a notary, but his brother, Jacopo Carracci, was also an artist. Rosso studied under Andrea del Sarto, a prominent Florentine painter, where he absorbed the latest techniques of the Renaissance.
Career Highlights
- Early Works in Florence: Rosso's early works in Florence include the frescoes in the Chiostro dello Scalzo, where he painted alongside Andrea del Sarto.
- Move to Rome: In 1523, he moved to Rome, where he was influenced by the works of Michelangelo and Raphael. Here, he painted "The Descent from the Cross" for the church of Santa Felicita, now in the Palazzo Pitti, showcasing his distinctive style with its elongated figures and intense emotional expression.
- Exile and France: After the Sack of Rome in 1527, Rosso fled to Venice and later settled in France, where he became a court painter for King Francis I. His works in France include the decorations at the Château de Fontainebleau, where he contributed to the development of the School of Fontainebleau, known for its refined and stylized approach to art.
Artistic Style
Rosso's work is characterized by:
- Color: He was known for his use of bold, vibrant colors, often in stark contrast, creating a dramatic effect.
- Form: His figures are often elongated with exaggerated poses, which was typical of Mannerist art.
- Emotion: His paintings convey intense emotion, often bordering on the theatrical, which was a departure from the more serene compositions of the High Renaissance.
Legacy
Rosso Fiorentino's influence extended beyond his lifetime, impacting the development of Mannerism in both Italy and France. His style influenced artists like Pontormo and Parmigianino. His works at Fontainebleau set the stage for the continuation of Mannerism in French art.
Notable Works
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