Procter & Gamble
Procter & Gamble (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. It specializes in a wide range of personal care, cleaning, and hygiene products.
History
- Founding: P&G was founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble, who were brothers-in-law. They began by selling soap and candles from their storefront in Cincinnati.
- Expansion: By the late 19th century, P&G expanded its product line. In 1879, they introduced Ivory Soap, which became one of their most iconic products due to its purity (it was described as "99 44/100% pure").
- Innovations: P&G has a long history of innovation:
- In 1931, they introduced Crisco, a shortening made from vegetable oil.
- During the 1950s, they launched Tide, revolutionizing the laundry detergent market.
- By 1961, P&G introduced Pampers, disposable diapers, changing childcare practices worldwide.
- Global Reach: P&G began its international expansion in the late 19th century, establishing its first foreign subsidiary in United Kingdom in 1915. Today, it operates in nearly 70 countries.
Products
Procter & Gamble's portfolio includes:
Corporate Strategy
- Brand Management: P&G is known for its brand management approach, where each product brand operates with its own identity and marketing strategy.
- Research and Development: P&G invests heavily in R&D, with facilities worldwide focusing on innovation and sustainability.
- Sustainability: The company has made commitments to environmental sustainability, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving product packaging sustainability.
Controversies
Like many large corporations, P&G has faced various controversies, including:
- Environmental concerns related to product packaging and waste.
- Animal testing, although P&G has made strides towards reducing and eventually eliminating animal testing.
- Labor issues and disputes with unions in different countries.
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