Prince of Liechtenstein
The Prince of Liechtenstein is the head of state of the Principality of Liechtenstein. The title is hereditary, passed down through the princely House of Liechtenstein. Here are some key points about the role and history:
- Hereditary Title: The title of Prince of Liechtenstein is inherited within the House of Liechtenstein, with succession following male-preference primogeniture. The current prince is Hans-Adam II, who has been the reigning prince since 1989.
- Constitutional Role: The Prince holds significant powers under the Constitution of Liechtenstein. He can appoint the government, veto laws, and call referendums. However, the political system is a constitutional monarchy with elements of direct democracy, where the citizens have substantial rights to participate in governance through referendums.
- History: The principality was established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719 when it was granted to Anton Florian of Liechtenstein by Emperor Charles VI. Liechtenstein remained a sovereign state after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 and was recognized as such at the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
- Monarchical Powers: The Prince has the authority to appoint judges, dissolve the parliament (Landtag), and can even propose constitutional changes which must then be approved by the electorate. In 2003, a constitutional referendum increased the powers of the Prince, giving him veto power over parliamentary decisions.
- International Relations: The Prince represents Liechtenstein in international affairs, signing treaties, and maintaining diplomatic relations. Liechtenstein is known for its active participation in international organizations despite its small size.
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