Papal Coronations
A Papal Coronation is a ceremony where a new Pope is crowned with the Papal Tiara. This tradition, deeply rooted in the history of the Catholic Church, symbolizes the Pope's supreme authority and universal jurisdiction over the Church. Here's a detailed look into this historic event:
Historical Context
- First Coronation: The first recorded papal coronation was that of Pope Nicholas I in 858, although the ceremony's elements evolved over time.
- Evolution: Over the centuries, the coronation ceremony became more elaborate, incorporating Byzantine influences and later, Renaissance pomp.
- Last Coronation: The last papal coronation was that of Pope Paul VI on June 30, 1963.
Ceremonial Elements
- Procession: The new Pope would be carried in a portable throne known as the Sedia Gestatoria through St. Peter's Basilica.
- Coronation Mass: A special Mass would be celebrated, which included the crowning with the Papal Tiara and the presentation of the Keys of Saint Peter.
- Enthronement: After the coronation, the Pope would be enthroned on the Cathedra of St. Peter.
Symbolism
- Papal Tiara: The tiara, with its three tiers, symbolizes the Pope's authority over heaven, earth, and the underworld.
- Keys of Saint Peter: These keys represent the power of the keys, the authority to forgive sins, and the governance of the Church.
Changes and Abolishment
- Papal Tiara: Pope John XXIII was the last to wear the tiara regularly. Pope Paul VI was the last to be crowned with it, but he later sold it, using the proceeds for charity.
- Inaugural Mass: Since Pope John Paul I, the ceremony has been referred to as an Inaugural Mass rather than a coronation. The Papal Insignia includes the Fisherman's Ring and the Pallium instead of the tiara.
- Reasons for Change: The shift away from the coronation reflects a broader move towards simplicity in papal ceremonies, reducing the monarchical elements associated with the Papacy.
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