Norse Paganism, also known as Nordic Paganism or Heathenry, refers to the religious traditions practiced by the Norse people before the widespread adoption of Christianity in Scandinavia. This ancient belief system was polytheistic, involving a rich pantheon of gods, spirits, and other mythological creatures.
The roots of Norse Paganism can be traced back to the Bronze Age and Iron Age in Northern Europe. It evolved through the Migration Period and into the Viking Age (c. 793-1066 AD), where it reached its cultural peak. Norse Paganism was not a monolithic religion but rather a collection of local traditions with shared deities and myths:
The Christianization of Scandinavia began in earnest during the Viking Age, with King Harald Bluetooth of Denmark converting in 965 AD, and the process continued over several centuries. By the 12th century, Norse Paganism had largely been supplanted by Christianity, though elements of the old beliefs persisted in folklore, customs, and language.
In modern times, there has been a revival of interest in Norse Paganism, often called Asatru or Heathenry, which seeks to reconstruct and practice these ancient beliefs within a contemporary context.