National Assembly of the Republic of Korea
The National Assembly of the Republic of Korea is the legislative branch of the government of South Korea, situated in the capital city of Seoul. Here are some key points about this institution:
History
- The National Assembly was established following the formation of the First Republic of Korea in 1948. It was initially unicameral, with its first meeting held in 1948.
- During the Korean War, the Assembly had to relocate several times due to the conflict, eventually returning to Seoul in 1954.
- The structure and powers of the Assembly have evolved through various constitutional amendments, most notably in 1987, which ushered in the Sixth Republic with a stronger emphasis on democracy and checks and balances.
Structure
- The Assembly is unicameral, consisting of 300 members.
- Members are elected for a term of four years through a mixed electoral system that includes both direct vote in constituencies and proportional representation.
- It operates with several standing committees, special committees, and a Speaker who presides over the sessions.
Functions and Powers
- The Assembly has legislative authority, which includes the power to enact, amend, or repeal laws.
- It can approve or reject treaties, declare war, and approve the state budget.
- The Assembly also has oversight functions, including the ability to impeach or censure high-ranking officials, including the President.
- It plays a significant role in confirming appointments made by the President of South Korea.
Location
The National Assembly building is located in Yeouido, Seoul. The current building was completed in 1975 and is designed in a modern architectural style, symbolizing the democratic values of South Korea.
Recent Developments
- In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on transparency and public engagement, with initiatives like live-streaming of Assembly sessions and public hearings.
- There have also been reforms aimed at reducing the influence of political parties on individual legislators and enhancing the representation of women and minorities.
External Links
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