Madame Bovary is a novel by Gustave Flaubert, published in 1857. It is considered one of the greatest literary works in French literature and has been widely influential in the development of the Realism movement in literature. Here are some key points about the novel:
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Plot: The story follows Emma Bovary, a doctor's wife living in rural Normandy. Emma, who is dissatisfied with her provincial life and marriage to the unremarkable Charles Bovary, seeks escape through adulterous affairs and extravagant spending. Her pursuits lead her into financial ruin and eventual despair, culminating in her tragic end.
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Publication and Controversy: When Madame Bovary was first serialized in La Revue de Paris in 1856, it provoked a trial for "offenses against public morals." Flaubert was acquitted, and the controversy helped to establish his reputation. The novel was later published in book form in April 1857.
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Writing Style: Flaubert is known for his meticulous attention to detail and his pursuit of le mot juste (the right word). His writing style in Madame Bovary is often cited as an example of literary realism, with its precise, objective description and psychological depth.
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Themes: The novel explores themes of Romanticism versus Realism, the nature of love, the dangers of idealism, the impact of social expectations, and the plight of women in 19th-century society. Emma's character embodies the conflict between her romantic fantasies and the harsh realities of her life.
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Influence: Madame Bovary has had a significant impact on literature. It has influenced countless writers and has been adapted into numerous film, television, and stage productions. The novel's exploration of personal dissatisfaction and the quest for meaning has resonated with readers across time.
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