Lambda-4S
The Lambda-4S was a significant milestone in Japan's space exploration history, marking the country's first successful launch of a satellite into orbit. Here are detailed insights into this pioneering rocket:
Overview
History and Development
The development of the Lambda-4S began in the late 1950s as part of Japan's burgeoning space program. It was an evolution from earlier Lambda rocket series, specifically the Lambda-3, which had been used for sub-orbital flights. The primary objective was to achieve the capability of placing a satellite into Earth's orbit.
- First Attempt: The first launch attempt on September 26, 1966, failed due to an explosion during the second stage ignition.
- Subsequent Failures: There were three more failed attempts before the successful launch in 1970.
- Successful Launch: On February 11, 1970, the Lambda-4S successfully placed the Ohsumi satellite into orbit, making Japan the fourth country to independently send a satellite into space.
Technical Specifications
- Height: Approximately 16.5 meters
- Diameter: 0.735 meters
- Stages: Four-stage solid-propellant rocket
- Payload Capacity: About 26 kilograms to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Significance
The Lambda-4S was not just a technological achievement but also symbolized Japan's entry into the space age. Its success:
- Marked Japan as a significant player in space technology.
- Paved the way for further space exploration endeavors by Japan, leading to the development of more advanced rockets like the N-I and H-I.
- Encouraged scientific research in space and contributed to the development of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).
Retirement and Legacy
After its successful launch, the Lambda-4S was retired, having achieved its mission. Its legacy lives on through:
- The continued development of Japanese space technology.
- Inspiring future generations of engineers and scientists in Japan.
- Being a foundational step in Japan's space policy and international space cooperation.
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