The House of Bourbon is a European royal house of French origin, a branch of the Capetian dynasty, which ruled in various countries over several centuries. Here is an overview of its history, key figures, and significant events:
The House of Bourbon traces its lineage back to Robert of Clermont, the sixth son of Louis IX of France. The family first gained prominence through Robert's son, Louis I, Duke of Bourbon, who was given the Duchy of Bourbon by King Philip VI in 1327. This marked the beginning of the Bourbon's rise in French politics.
The House of Bourbon ascended to the French throne with Henry IV in 1589, following the extinction of the senior Valois Dynasty. Henry IV, originally King of Navarre, was a key figure in the Wars of Religion and his reign is notable for the Edict of Nantes which granted religious liberties to the Huguenots.
After the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte, the Bourbon monarchy was briefly restored with:
The House of Orléans, a cadet branch of the Bourbons, briefly ruled until the establishment of the Second French Republic.
Besides France, the House of Bourbon has branches that ruled or currently rule in:
Today, the House of Bourbon remains influential through its Spanish branch. Juan Carlos I abdicated in favor of his son, Felipe VI, who currently reigns in Spain.