Henry II of Castile, born Enrique de Trastámara, was the first King of Castile from the House of Trastámara. He ruled from 1369 until his death in 1379. His reign marked the beginning of a new dynasty in Castile and was characterized by internal conflicts and struggles for power.
Henry was the illegitimate son of Alfonso XI of Castile and his mistress, Leonor de Guzmán. He was born in 1334 in the Seville region. His illegitimacy was a significant factor in his later struggles for the throne.
Upon the death of his half-brother, Peter of Castile, in 1366, Henry, with the support of French troops led by Bertrand du Guesclin, overthrew Peter. This marked the beginning of the Castilian Civil War. Henry's claim to the throne was challenged by Peter, who was supported by English forces. After several battles, including the decisive Battle of Nájera in 1367, where Henry was initially defeated, he eventually captured and killed Peter in 1369, securing his position as King.
Henry II's establishment of the House of Trastámara had a lasting impact on Spanish history. His descendants would rule not only Castile but also Aragon, eventually leading to the unification of Spain under the Catholic Monarchs. His rule also introduced changes in the political landscape, with a more centralized monarchy.
Henry II died on May 29, 1379, in Santo Domingo de la Calzada, and was succeeded by his son, John I of Castile.