Guiana Space Centre
The Guiana Space Centre, often referred to as Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG), is a significant spaceport located in Kourou, French Guiana. This facility is managed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the French Space Agency (CNES).
History
The idea for the space centre was conceived in the 1960s when France sought a location for space launches close to the equator to benefit from the Earth's rotational speed. The site was chosen due to its proximity to the equator, which provides a significant boost to launch vehicles due to the Earth's rotation. Here are some key historical milestones:
- 1964: France decided to establish the space centre in French Guiana.
- 1968: The first launch from the centre occurred, using the Diamant rocket.
- 1975: The centre was officially named the Guiana Space Centre.
- 1985: The Ariane 1 rocket, which would become Europe's primary launch vehicle, made its first launch from Kourou.
Facilities and Operations
The CSG includes several key facilities:
- The Launch Complex: This includes multiple launch pads for different types of rockets, notably for Ariane, Vega, and Soyuz rockets.
- The Guiana Propellant Plant: Produces solid propellant for launch vehicles.
- The Payload Preparation Complex: Where satellites are prepared before being integrated with their launch vehicles.
- The CSG Control Centre: Manages all launches and operations at the centre.
Notable Launches
Over the years, the Guiana Space Centre has been involved in numerous high-profile launches:
Environmental Considerations
The Centre operates under strict environmental guidelines to minimize its impact on the surrounding Amazon Rainforest and local ecosystems. This includes:
- Use of biofuel in some launches to reduce carbon emissions.
- Controlled access and noise management to protect local wildlife.
- Participation in local conservation projects.
External Links
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