Geisha
A Geisha (芸者), known as Geiko in Kyoto, are traditional Japanese female entertainers who perform various forms of art like classical music, dance, and games to entertain guests, primarily at Ochaya (teahouses) and private banquets. Here are some detailed insights into the world of geisha:
History
- Origins: The tradition of geisha can be traced back to the 13th century with the Shirabyoshi, who were female entertainers performing dances and songs. However, the modern form of geisha culture developed during the Edo Period (1603-1868), when women started performing at banquets in the entertainment districts of Tokyo and Osaka.
- Development: By the 18th century, the geisha profession became more formalized with the establishment of the Hanamachi (flower towns), which were designated geisha districts. This period also saw the differentiation between Tayu (high-class courtesans) and geisha, with the latter focusing solely on entertainment rather than sexual services.
Training and Life
- Apprenticeship: Geisha begin their training as young as 15 years old, often starting as Maiko (apprentice geiko). This training includes learning traditional arts, etiquette, and the art of conversation.
- Transition: After years of training, a maiko officially becomes a geisha in a ceremony called Misedashi, where she makes her professional debut.
- Professional Life: Geisha work in Okiya (geisha houses) where they live and are supported by a senior geisha or the house's owner, known as the Okasan. They are known for their skills in dance, music, particularly playing the Shamisen, and the tea ceremony.
Culture and Misconceptions
- Role: Contrary to common Western misconceptions, geisha are not primarily prostitutes. Their role is to entertain through art, conversation, and the creation of a refined atmosphere.
- Dress and Appearance: Geisha are known for their elaborate Kimono and intricate Kanzashi (hair ornaments). Their makeup, particularly the white-painted faces, is also iconic, although the style has evolved over time.
Modern Era
- Decline and Revival: The number of geisha has significantly decreased over the years due to economic changes, World War II, and shifts in social attitudes. However, efforts have been made to preserve this tradition, especially in Kyoto's Gion district.
- Public Perception: Today, geisha are seen more as cultural ambassadors, with many participating in cultural performances and tourism initiatives to keep the tradition alive.
Sources
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