Florida
Florida, known as the Sunshine State, is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Georgia and Alabama to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the west, and Cuba to the south across the Florida Straits. Florida is the 22nd most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 8th most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states.
History
- Early History: The history of Florida can be traced back to when it was first inhabited by various indigenous tribes, including the Timucua, Caloosa, and Apalachee.
- European Exploration: Florida was first explored by the Spanish in 1513 by Juan Ponce de León, who named it "La Florida" (meaning "the land of flowers") during his search for the Fountain of Youth.
- Colonial Period: Florida became a significant part of the Spanish Empire with the establishment of St. Augustine in 1565, the oldest continuously inhabited European-established settlement in the continental United States.
- Statehood: Florida was ceded to the United States by Spain in 1819 as part of the Adams-Onís Treaty. It became a territory in 1821 and achieved statehood on March 3, 1845, as the 27th state.
- Civil War: During the American Civil War, Florida seceded from the Union to join the Confederate States of America.
- Post-War Development: After the Civil War, Florida's economy began to diversify with agriculture, tourism, and later, real estate booms, particularly during the land boom of the 1920s.
Geography and Climate
Florida's landscape is characterized by its subtropical to tropical climate, with a notable variation in temperature from north to south. The state has:
- Over 1,350 miles of coastline with numerous beaches, barrier islands, and coral reefs like the Florida Reef.
- The Everglades, a vast subtropical marshland, which is home to unique wildlife and ecosystems.
- High humidity levels, especially in summer, leading to frequent thunderstorms and hurricane activity during the Atlantic hurricane season.
Economy
Florida's economy is driven by:
- Tourism, with attractions like Walt Disney World, Miami Beach, and the Florida Keys.
- Agriculture, particularly citrus fruits like oranges, as well as sugarcane, vegetables, and cattle.
- Real estate and construction, with ongoing development due to population growth.
- Retirement communities, given its appeal to retirees from colder climates.
Culture
Florida's culture is a vibrant mix influenced by:
Notable Cities
- Miami - Known for its cultural diversity, nightlife, and beaches.
- Orlando - Home to numerous theme parks, including Walt Disney World.
- Tampa - A center for shipping, tourism, and major industries.
- Jacksonville - The largest city by area in the contiguous U.S.
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