Jimmu is considered the legendary first Emperor of Japan, traditionally believed to have reigned from 660 BC to 585 BC. Here is a detailed look into his life, mythology, and historical context:
Mythological Origins
According to the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki, the two oldest chronicles of Japan, Jimmu was the great-grandson of the sun goddess Amaterasu through her grandson Ninigi-no-Mikoto. This divine lineage made him the first human emperor, establishing the divine right of the Japanese Imperial Family.
Expedition and Founding of the Nation
- Expedition to the East: Jimmu embarked on an eastward journey from Hyuga to conquer new lands. His expedition was marked by battles, with the most significant being the battle against the local chieftain Nagao in Yamato.
- Establishment of the Capital: After his victories, Jimmu established his capital in Kashihara, which was believed to be located in modern-day Nara Prefecture. This event is often cited as the founding of the Japanese nation.
Reign and Legacy
Historical Context
- Archaeological Evidence: While there is no direct archaeological evidence for Jimmu, the stories of his conquests might reflect the expansion of Yamato polity during the Kofun Period.
- Myth vs. History: Modern historians view Jimmu as more of a mythological figure rather than a historical one. The narratives surrounding him blend myth, folklore, and early attempts at historical recording.
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