Elba
Elba is the largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago, situated in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the coast of Tuscany, Italy. Here are some key points about the island:
- Geography: Elba covers an area of approximately 224 square kilometers with a population of around 32,000. The island is characterized by its diverse landscape, including mountains, hills, and beaches. Its highest peak is Monte Capanne, at 1,019 meters.
- History:
- Elba has been inhabited since the Bronze Age, with evidence of settlements from the Etruscans and Romans.
- It is most famous for being the site of Napoleon Bonaparte's exile in 1814-1815. During his stay, Napoleon lived in Portoferraio, the island's main town, which he fortified and improved. His time on Elba is often referred to as the "Elba episode" or "Napoleon's exile."
- After Napoleon's escape from Elba, leading to the Hundred Days, the island reverted to Austrian control before being ceded to the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1847.
- Economy: Today, Elba's economy is driven by tourism, thanks to its beautiful beaches, historical sites, and natural reserves. Mining, particularly of iron ore, was once a major industry, but it has significantly declined. Agriculture and fishing also play roles in the local economy.
- Culture: The island has a rich cultural heritage with several festivals, including the Napoleonic Festival, celebrating Napoleon's time on the island. There are also numerous museums, like the Museo Nazionale delle Residenze Napoleoniche, which offers insights into Napoleon's life on Elba.
- Natural Beauty: Elba is part of the Tuscan Archipelago National Park, making it a haven for biodiversity with various protected species and habitats.
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