El Castillo de Mayapan is a significant archaeological site located in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico, within the ancient Maya city of Mayapan. This site, often referred to simply as "The Castle," is one of the most prominent structures in Mayapan, which was a major political and cultural center of the Maya civilization during the Postclassic period (approximately from 1200 to 1450 AD).
Constructed in the 13th century, El Castillo de Mayapan is believed to have served multiple roles including as an administrative center, a ceremonial site, and possibly a residence for the ruling elite. The structure's architecture is reminiscent of the famous Chichen Itza, particularly its Castillo, suggesting cultural and architectural influences or perhaps even direct oversight by the same architects or rulers.
The city of Mayapan itself was the capital of a regional state that rose to power after the decline of Chichen Itza. It became a central hub in the political and economic networks of the Maya region, with El Castillo likely playing a pivotal role in these activities.
The pyramid stands at about 15 meters high, with a square base, and features a temple at its summit, typical of Maya architectural style. The structure includes:
Excavations at El Castillo have revealed various artifacts, including pottery, tools, and human remains, indicating its use in both ceremonial and possibly sacrificial contexts. The site also features several smaller structures around the base of the pyramid, which might have housed priests or been used for other religious or administrative functions.
Today, El Castillo de Mayapan is part of the broader archaeological site of Mayapan, which is open to tourists. Although not as famous as Chichen Itza, it provides valuable insights into the late Maya civilization. Efforts for preservation and further excavation continue, managed by the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH).