Crown Jewels
The Crown Jewels refer to the regalia and vestments worn by the monarch of the United Kingdom during the Coronation ceremony and at other state occasions. These jewels are part of the Royal Collection and include items like crowns, scepters, orbs, swords, rings, and ceremonial robes. Here's a detailed overview:
History
- The origins of the Crown Jewels date back to the medieval period, with many items having been remade or altered over time due to damage, theft, or changes in royal fashion.
- In 1649, during the English Civil War, the original medieval jewels were destroyed by order of Oliver Cromwell. After the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, new regalia were made for Charles II in 1661.
- Over the centuries, additional pieces have been added, including items from other monarchies absorbed by the British Crown, such as Scotland and Ireland.
Key Items
- St. Edward's Crown: Used for the actual crowning of the monarch. This crown was made for Charles II, replacing the medieval crown destroyed by Cromwell.
- The Imperial State Crown: Worn by the monarch when leaving Westminster Abbey after the coronation and during the State Opening of Parliament. It contains numerous famous gems including the Black Prince's Ruby and the Cullinan Diamond.
- Sceptres: There are two main sceptres - the Sovereign's Sceptre with Cross, which represents temporal power, and the Sovereign's Sceptre with Dove, symbolizing equity and mercy.
- The Ampulla and Spoon: Used during the anointing part of the coronation ceremony. The Ampulla is a gold flask in the form of an eagle, and the Spoon is the oldest piece in the collection, possibly from the 12th century.
Security and Display
- The Crown Jewels are kept in the Jewel House at the Tower of London. They are displayed to the public, attracting millions of visitors each year.
- Security is extremely tight, with measures including CCTV, guard patrols, and advanced security systems to protect these priceless items.
Symbolism and Usage
- The jewels symbolize the monarch's authority and are used in ceremonies to signify continuity, tradition, and the divine right of kings.
- They are not just ceremonial but also carry significant historical, cultural, and national importance.
Sources
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