Comédie-Française
The Comédie-Française is one of the most prestigious theaters in the world, located in Paris, France. Officially known as the Théâtre-Français, it was founded in 1680 by a decree from King Louis XIV. Here are key aspects of its history and significance:
Foundation
- On October 21, 1680, Louis XIV merged two rival theatrical companies, the Hôtel de Bourgogne and the Troupe du Maréchal, into what would become known as the Comédie-Française. This was done to establish a single, authoritative company for the performance of French drama.
- The company was granted a monopoly over public theatre in Paris, which it maintained until 1791.
Location
Repertoire
- The theatre is renowned for its extensive repertoire which includes the works of French classical playwrights like Pierre Corneille, Jean Racine, and Molière. It also performs modern plays, often presenting premieres of new French works.
- It has been instrumental in maintaining the tradition of French classical theatre through its commitment to spoken drama, with a focus on the literary quality of the plays.
Notable Figures
- Many famous actors and actresses have been associated with the Comédie-Française, including Sarah Bernhardt who became the first woman to enter the company in 1862.
- It also served as the home company for many celebrated playwrights who were also actors or directors at the theatre.
Organization
- The Comédie-Française operates under a unique structure where actors, referred to as sociétaires, are also shareholders of the company. They are elected by their peers and have a say in the artistic direction of the theatre.
- It is supported by the French government, which provides it with subsidies to ensure its operation and preservation of French dramatic art.
Current Status
- Today, the Comédie-Française continues to be a cultural institution in France, offering performances, educational programs, and international tours.
- It also engages in archival preservation, maintaining a significant collection of costumes, sets, and documents related to its history.
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