Chaghri-Beg, also known as Dāwūd ibn Mīkā'īl, was a prominent figure in the early history of the Seljuk Empire. Born around 989 in the region of Transoxiana, Chaghri-Beg was one of the sons of Mīkā'īl ibn Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the Seljuk dynasty.
Chaghri-Beg and his brother Tughril Beg were instrumental in the expansion of Seljuk power from their initial base in Jand. Following the death of their father, the brothers inherited leadership over the Oghuz tribes, which were part of the larger Turkic confederation. Under the guidance of their uncle Arslan Yabgu, they began to expand their influence southward into Khurasan.
Chaghri-Beg played a crucial role in the Battle of Dandanqan in 1040, where the Seljuks defeated the Ghaznavids, leading to the establishment of Seljuk control over Khurasan and parts of Persia. After this victory, while Tughril concentrated on the western territories, Chaghri-Beg focused on consolidating control over Khurasan, Transoxiana, and other eastern regions.
Chaghri-Beg was known for his administrative acumen. He set up a robust system of governance, which included the establishment of a postal system, the construction of caravanserais, and the promotion of agriculture and trade. His rule helped to stabilize the region, fostering an environment conducive to economic growth and cultural exchange.
He also played a significant role in the spread of Islam within the Seljuk territories, supporting the construction of mosques and madrasas, which were centers for learning and religious practice.
Chaghri-Beg died in 1060, leaving behind a well-organized state. His son, Alp Arslan, would go on to further expand the Seljuk Empire, notably defeating the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071.