Château de Fontainebleau is a historic royal residence located in the town of Fontainebleau, in the Seine-et-Marne department, about 55 kilometers southeast of Paris. This magnificent château has been a focal point of French history since the 12th century, with significant expansions and renovations occurring over the centuries by various French monarchs.
The earliest record of a castle on the site dates back to the 12th century when Louis VII built a hunting lodge here. However, it was François I who transformed it into a true royal residence in the 16th century, initiating a period of extensive construction and decoration that would define the French Renaissance style. François I, along with his son Henri II, invited some of the most celebrated artists and architects of their time, including:
The château was further expanded by Catherine de Médicis and her son Henri IV, who added the Garden of Diana. Later, Louis XIII and Louis XIV made their own contributions, with Louis XIV notably adding the Grand Parterre and other garden features.
The château's architecture reflects a blend of styles, from medieval influences to the opulence of the Baroque era. Notable features include:
Château de Fontainebleau has been the setting for numerous pivotal events in French history:
Today, Château de Fontainebleau is open to the public as a museum, showcasing its rich history, art, and furnishings. It is also a venue for various cultural events, exhibitions, and occasionally serves as a backdrop for official state functions. The site was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981 for its outstanding universal value.