Bois de Boulogne
The Bois de Boulogne is a large public park located on the western edge of Paris, France, between the 16th arrondissement of Paris and the communes of Neuilly-sur-Seine and Boulogne-Billancourt. Spanning approximately 845 hectares, it is the second largest park in Paris, surpassed only by the Bois de Vincennes.
History
- Origins: Originally, the area was a dense forest, part of the royal hunting grounds known as the Rouvre. King Philippe Augustus first established the forest in the 13th century for hunting purposes.
- 18th Century: During the reign of Louis XV, the area was used for royal hunting and was known as the Château de Bagatelle's forest.
- Transformation: In the mid-19th century, Napoleon III decided to transform the area into a public park. The design was entrusted to the landscape architect Jean-Charles Alphand, who worked under the guidance of Baron Haussmann, known for his renovation of Paris. The park was opened to the public in 1852.
- Landscape Features: The park was designed with various landscapes including lakes, waterfalls, and wooded areas. Key features include:
- World War II: During the war, the park was used for military purposes and suffered considerable damage.
- Post-War: Restoration efforts were made, and the park regained its status as a recreational space for Parisians.
Recreational Use
Today, the Bois de Boulogne serves multiple recreational functions:
- It is a popular spot for jogging, cycling, horseback riding, and boating.
- The park hosts various cultural events, including concerts, festivals, and the famous Roland Garros tennis tournament.
- It features several sports facilities, including tennis courts, soccer fields, and golf courses.
Environmental Aspects
The Bois de Boulogne also plays a significant role in the ecological system of Paris:
- It provides habitat for various species of flora and fauna, including several protected species.
- The park's lakes and streams help in managing urban water runoff and contribute to the city's microclimate.
Controversies and Social Issues
Over the years, the park has faced some social issues:
- Parts of the park are known for prostitution, drug use, and other illegal activities, leading to periodic clean-up and security operations.
Sources
Bois de Boulogne - Paris Tourist Office
Bois de Boulogne - Britannica
Official Site for Bois de Boulogne
Bois de Boulogne - Paris City Hall
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