Amaterasu
Amaterasu is one of the most important deities in Shintoism, the indigenous religion of Japan. Here are detailed aspects of her:
Identity and Role
- Amaterasu is known as the sun goddess, symbolizing the sun and the universe's light.
- She is considered the ruler of the heavens and the progenitor of the Imperial House of Japan, making her the divine ancestor of the Japanese emperors.
- Her name can be translated as "the great kami who shines in the heaven."
Mythology and Legends
- According to the Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters) and the Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan), Amaterasu was born from the left eye of Izanagi, after he purified himself in a river following his visit to the underworld.
- She had a tumultuous relationship with her brother, Susanoo, the storm god. One myth describes how Susanoo's destructive behavior caused Amaterasu to retreat into a cave, plunging the world into darkness until she was lured out by the other gods.
- The 'Rock-Cave' incident is one of the most famous tales involving Amaterasu, where she hides in a cave due to her brother's antics, causing the world to fall into darkness until she is enticed to come out by the dance of Ame-no-Uzume.
Symbolism and Worship
- Amaterasu is deeply worshipped at the Ise Grand Shrine, which is considered her primary shrine. This shrine, rebuilt every 20 years, symbolizes the concept of renewal and purity in Shinto.
- Her mirror, known as the Yata no Kagami, is one of the Three Sacred Treasures of Japan, which are said to have been given to her by her father Izanagi.
- The sun, light, and imperial authority are closely associated with her, reflecting her divine status and influence in Japanese culture and politics.
Historical Context
- The myth of Amaterasu has been used historically to legitimize the rule of the Japanese emperors. Her divine lineage provides a spiritual foundation for the emperor's authority.
- Her role in Shintoism has made her a symbol of national identity, often invoked in various aspects of Japanese art, literature, and cultural practices.
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